Christopher Alexander's marvellous Timeless Way series lays out a philosophy of building design, a Pattern Language method to achieve the Timeless Way style, and show how these were used in planning at the University of Oregon.
The ideas, although originally expounded for (physical) architectural design, have recently been picked up by the Object Oriented computing community for OO Pattern Languages.
The philosophy itself is also deliciously socially subversive, since it would require radical changes in working patterns, transportation policy, and educational policy, at the very least, to work on the larger scale.
Series rating: 2
[ unmissable | great stuff | worth reading | mind candy | waste of time | unfinishable ]
Volume 1 lays out the philosophy of The Timeless Way, with numerous illustrative examples. The essence is that the people who are to live in the buildings should be closely involved in the design, and that buildings should grow naturally, rather than be planned. It talks about desirable patterns -- common features abstracted from many successful buildings -- and about a pattern language for describing and combining these patterns.
... the single central quality which makes the difference [between good and bad buildings] cannot be named.
The quality without a name: 'alive', 'whole', 'comfortable', 'free', 'exact', 'egoless', 'eternal'.
Volume 2, the core of the method, provides a language of 253 patterns, for describing buildings, and how they should be designed. The patterns range over ones for whole towns: 'mosaic of subcultures', 'four-storey limit', 'local transport areas' -- ones for small clusters of buildings: 'small public squares', 'common land', 'individually owned shops' -- ones for individual buildings: 'site repair', 'entrance transition', 'sheltering roof', 'light on two sides of every room' -- and ones for small parts of the construction: 'alcoves', 'ceiling height variety', 'thick walls'.
104. Site repair: Buildings must always be built on those parts of the land which are in the worst condition, not the best.
... each act of building gives us the chance to make one of the ugliest and least healthy parths of the environment more health -- as for those parts which are already healthy and beautiful -- they of course need no attention.
1999: We are having a house built to our own design. Remembering the lessons of A Pattern Language, I explicitly used the pattern 'light on two sides of every room', by designing in some extra windows -- I hope it works!
Volume 3 describes how the Timeless philosophy and Pattern Language method was applied to planning for the University of Oregon. It explains the process of piecemeal growth, speading resources evenly and encouraging repair, and contrasts it with the more popular, but potentially disasterous, lump development, which concentrates resources in a few large developments, and correspondingly large mistakes.